Obscure software question, here we go - identify (1) named after (2)

PS: Sorry for the delay folks. Question stays up longer!

Cracked by: Raghuvansh, badideabear, Shwetha Maiya, Sumanth Patlolla, Saurabh, raklodramA, username, Thejas V R, KK, Rahulk, Manish Achuth, rickde, Amarendra Kumar, shrik, Aditya S, Ananth, Bharath, jowens, grey_matters and Rogi

Kinda continuing from the theme of the previous question - connect:

Click for big. This is not an exhaustive list :)

Cracked by: Rogi, jowens, Aditya S, Manish Achuth, Sumanth Patlolla, badideabear, KK, username, rickde, shrik, Thejas V R, Rahulk, Dibyo, amarendra, Ananth, Bharath, raklodramA, Shwetha Maiya, mankuTimma, Siddarth Pai, grey_matters, anurag and Raghuvansh

Identify the man in (1), known for one of the devices in (2)

Cracked by: Rogi, Manish Achuth, Aditya S, jowens, Sumanth Patlolla, badideabear, KK, Martin, Jayaprakash B R, raklodramA, username, anurag, rickde, shrik, buk, Thejas V R, Rahulk, Dibyo, amarendra, Ananth, Bharath, Anonymous, Urthstripe, Shwetha Maiya, Sujoy, grey_matters and mankuTimma

Continuing from the previous question -

B, who collaborated with many very smart people in his time, also worked with D. (one of B and Ds collaborations, albeit a whimsical one, has appeared on Boiledbeans before). D is an American AI scientist who laid the foundations of the field of neural networks, so to speak.

D is a vocal critic of the Loebner prize event. This event is set in the format of a test named after famous British mathematicianE. E and B had collaborated for some time when E was posted to the US on matters of cryptanalysis. E is arguably even more influential than B and D, since both worked to extend E’s results in many ways, and for many more reasons that will be obvious to people who’ve figured all 3 out :)

E was, at heart, a mathematician. E developed a theoretical ‘machine’ that was named after him. He used this machine to tackle a problem (or, as some would say, the problem) posed by David Hilbert. in 1937 he came out with a solution that utilized his machines to solve the problem. However, a year earlier, F had already published a paper solving the problem by utilizing lambda calculus. The result, terribly important to some core sections of maths and computer science, is now known as the E-F Theorem.

Identify D, E and F for 1 point. No part points. Pseudo-bonus points for naming the problem from memory without misspelling it :)

Cracked by: grey_matters, Goyal, username, Sumanth Patlolla, buk, jowens, byslexia, KK, Raghuvansh, Siddarth Pai, Rogi, Thejas V R, Dibyo, shrik, Shwetha Maiya, badideabear, Rahulk, Bharath, rickde, Aditya S, anurag, amarendra, raklodramA, Ananth, Manish Achuth, Sujoy and mankuTimma

A was a Dutch cryptographer who created a set of 6 rules for a certain kind of system. The 2nd of his set of 6 remained famous and relevant and was named after him.

B was an American mathematician, cryptographer, electrical engineer and all-round genius who, almost 100 years after A, formulated a variant of the same principle. This was in turn, named after A although they both largely mean the same! B was, of course, an incredibly prolific genius whose work, many believe, created the field of information theory and his papers are considered the most important papers of the 20th century. (consequently, B has featured on Boiledbeans many times. So this is not a dupe :P)

Another interesting (unrelated) coincidence around B was with C. B proved a certain theorem in 1949 that is fundamental to the world of information theory. Unbeknownst to B, C - who was a Swedish-born American - had pretty much proved the same thing almost 20 years before. Funnily enough, almost half-a-dozen people independently proved this over time. But, by and large, the theorem is credit to both B and C.

Identify A, B and C for 1 point. No part points. Pseudo-bonus points for naming the set of 6 rules, the maxim, and the theorem :)

Cracked by: grey_matters, username, Goyal, Sumanth Patlolla, buk, jowens, byslexia, KK, Raghuvansh, Siddarth Pai, Rogi, Thejas V R, Dibyo, shrik, Shwetha Maiya, Aditya S, badideabear, anurag, Rahulk, Bharath, Wm, rickde, Martin, amarendra, raklodramA, Ananth, Manish Achuth and Anjul

Bit of a sitter perhaps. And yes, we might have touched upon similar topics in the past on Boiledbeans :) But, here goes anyway. Identify the bit that’s been blocked out.

Cracked by: Sumanth Patlolla, shrik, s m muneer ali, username, Urthstripe, Rogi, jowens, Goyal, Bharath, Dibyo, badideabear, KK, aditthya, Aditya S, rickde, Thejas V R, Rahulk, anurag, Ananth, Siddarth Pai, vishwanath, raklodramA, Shwetha Maiya and Raghuvansh

Two images with a bit of a story behind them. Story, please :)

Cracked by: Raghuvansh, Jayaprakash B R, Sumanth Patlolla, shrik, Martin, username, Advaith, Rogi, jowens, Goyal, Bharath, Dibyo, badideabear, KK, anurag, Thejas V R, Rahulk, Ananth, raklodramA, Shwetha Maiya and byslexia

Sorry for the ultra-late post folks. This will stay open for longer.

This question’s kinda silly, I just put it here because the cartoon was amazing. Identify what’s been blocked out in red:

Cracked by: badideabear, Raghuvansh, grey_matters, anurag, Sumanth Patlolla, shrik, s m muneer ali, Shwetha Maiya, vishwanath, username, Urthstripe, Advaith, Rogi, jowens, Goyal, Bharath, Dibyo, KK, aditthya, Aditya S, Thejas V R, Rahulk, Ananth, Siddarth Pai, raklodramA and byslexia

What was this called? It was the first of its kind, created by a famous German inventor. All clues are in the image. We’re looking for just the name of the thing below :)

Cracked by: Jayaprakash B R, Sumanth Patlolla, username, raklodramA, krithika rai, KK, Thejas V R, s m muneer ali, Siddarth Pai, mankuTimma, Bharath, jowens, vishwanath, Rogi, badideabear, shrik, Aditya S, Raghuvansh, Rahulk, Abhishek Mudiganti, rickde, anurag, Saurabh, grey_matters, Dibyo, Bipin Banavalikar and Shwetha Maiya

Identify both. A special case of (1), at 0, is named after (2) :)

Cracked by: username, Raghuvansh, Jayaprakash B R, Thejas V R, mankuTimma, raklodramA, Sumanth Patlolla, KK, s m muneer ali, Siddarth Pai, Bharath, dhruv, jowens, Rogi, vishwanath, badideabear, shrik, Mayukh Bose, Aditya S, Rahulk, rickde, anurag, Saurabh, grey_matters and Dibyo